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How does an Ultrasonic Cleaner work?

Ultrasonic cleaning typically takes place in an aqueous medium aided by high energy ultrasound which aids in the removal of soluble and insoluble foreign particles through dissolution and displacement.
  • Ultrasound is sound transmitted at frequencies beyond the range of human hearing
  • Ultrasonic energy is generated by a piezoelectric transducer which is powered by a generator
  • The typical ultrasonic equipment generates sound energy at a rate of 40,000 times per second to create cavitation
  • Cavitation creates the scrubbing action necessary for ultrasonic cleaning

Cavitations: The working mechanism of Ultrasonic Cleaning

Cavitation is the formation and collapse of countless millions of tiny cavities or vacuum bubbles in the liquid. The transducer’s movement produces alternating high and low pressure waves within the liquid in the tank. The liquid is compressed during the high pressure phase of the wave cycle, and pulled apart during the low pressure phase. As the pressure in the liquid is reduced during the low pressure phase, cavities grow from a microscopic seed to a maximum critical diameter. During the subsequent high pressure phase they compress and implode. The energy is very powerful but safe for parts because it is localized at microscopic scale.

Myths of Ultrasonic Cleaning

  • Ultrasonic cleaning with water works miracles!
    It depends on the type of dirt to be cleaned. Just using water for ultrasonic cleaning, it works great with the dirt particles that are soluble in water. Although ultrasonic cleaning can displace insoluble dirt, it cannot prevent them from re-adhering back especially for oil based ones unless detergent chemical is used.
  • The higher the ultrasonic frequency used for cleaning, the better and stronger it cleans
    The higher ultrasonic frequency creates smaller cavitation bubbles. With same amount of electrical energy provided, higher ultrasonic frequency creates cavitation bubbles that implode weaker too. They will not be able to remove away big and tough dirt particles. However, the higher frequency can penetrate deeper and clean away lower micron dirt particles. Therefore depending the type of cleaning application such as removing fine dirt particles experienced in optics and semiconductor industries, higher frequencies may cleans better.
  • The lower the ultrasonic frequency, the poorer cleaning is expected.
    Larger cavitation bubbles are created when lower ultrasonic frequencies are used. These bubbles implode at a much greater force compared to those generated by higher ultrasonic frequencies. They will be able to remove big and tough particles because of stronger cavitation. However, lower frequencies are less effective in removing very fine dirt particles. Therefore, the cleaning performance depends on the correct ultrasonic frequency for the type of dirt to be cleaned.
  • Ultrasonic is only required for precision cleaning
    Ultrasonic cleaning can also be used in traditional cleaning baths. Ultrasound waves provide the mechanical agitation to speed up the cleaning process. It also reduces the amount of cleaning chemical required to achieve the same level of cleanliness. Using ultrasonic cleaning provides a standard level of cleaning compared to manual brushing which can be unreliable. In all, ultrasonic cleaning technology helps to save costs and achieve better results in your cleaning processes.
Ultrasonic Cleaner .com 11 Harrison Ct, South Orange, NJ 07079   Phone: 973-913-9734   Fax: 973-327-4774
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